IoT Overview
The common solution architectures and application scenarios for IoT are as follows:
1、 Scheme architecture
Three layer architecture model
Perception layer: collects physical world data (such as temperature, location, images) through sensors, RFID and other devices, and converts analog signals into digital signals
For example, environmental monitoring devices in smart homes
Network layer: use 5G, Wi Fi, NB IoT and other technologies to transmit data and support protocol conversion (such as PROFIBUS and Internet protocol conversion in industrial scenarios)
Application layer: Analyze and process data to achieve intelligent decision-making (such as remote device control and predictive maintenance)
Extended Architecture
In some scenarios, the architecture is expanded to four or five layers, and the platform layer (equipment management, business analysis) and edge computing layer are added to improve data processing efficiency
2、 Application scenarios
Smart Home
By connecting lighting, security, home appliances, and other devices, automation control can be achieved (such as automatic shutdown of appliances when leaving home, intelligent door lock status monitoring)
Smart City
Covering areas such as traffic management (smart signal lights), environmental monitoring (air quality sensors), public facilities (smart street lights), etc
Industrial Internet of Things
Used for equipment status monitoring, predictive maintenance, production line optimization, improving production efficiency and asset utilization
Smart healthcare
Monitor patient health data through wearable devices to achieve remote diagnosis and medical device management
Intelligent Agriculture
Monitor soil moisture and meteorological conditions to achieve precise irrigation and pest control
Logistics and Supply Chain
Utilizing NB IoT to track the location, temperature and humidity status of goods, and optimize warehouse management
3、 Key technical support
Low power wide area network: such as NB IoT, LoRa, suitable for long-distance, low bandwidth scenarios
Edge computing and cloud computing: combine to achieve efficient data processing and real-time response
Security and Privacy Protection: Need to Strengthen Data Encryption and Access Control to Address Network Attack Risks